Two's complement

• 0 represents a positive number
• 1 represents a negative number
• To convert a negative number to a positive number, you must:
  • Flip the binary bits, which also flips the most significant bit (MSB)
  • Add 1

Here is 75 converted to a negative:

MSB	64	32	16	8	4	2	1	Value
0	1	0	0	1	0	1	1	75

Flip the bits

MSB	64	32	16	8	4	2	1	Value
1	0	1	1	0	1	0	0	-76

Add a 1

MSB	64	32	16	8	4	2	1	Value
1	0	1	1	0	1	0	1	-75