Programming constructs

• Variable
  • A pointer that stores a memory address, which in turn stores data

    • Example

      var = "string"
      

  • Initializing a variable is giving it a value
  • Constants
    • A variable that doesn't change
• Sequence of instructions
  • An order in which instructions are executed

    • Example:

      print("1")
      print("2")
      print("3")
      

• Selection
  • Instructions that occur only if a condition is met

    • Example:

      if var == "yes":
        [...]
      else:
        [...]
      

• Iteration
  • A loop, or repetition
    • Count controlled iteration:
      • Occurs for a certain number of times

        • Example:

          for i in range(5):
              print(i)
          

    • Condition controlled iteration:
      • Occurs if a condition is met

        • Example:

          value = yes
          while value == "yes":
              value = input("Enter yes or no: ")
          

• Arrays
  • Data structures that can hold multiple values

    • Example:

      fruits = ["Apple", "Banana", "Strawberry"]