How to Normalize Audio Loudness with ffmpeg

These commands will normalize the audio in two passes.

For a target of -14 LUFS, LRA of 3.6 and true peak of -2db:

ffmpeg -i my-audio-file.flac -af loudnorm=I=-13:LRA=7:tp=-0.2:print_format=json -f null -

and then

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References / Further Reading